OK
https://www.economist.com/
Websites
Runtime: 2.9s
On December 24, 2024, 03:45 AM UTC, https://www.economist.com/ was accessible when tested on AS38623 in Cambodia.
Failures
HTTP Experiment
null
DNS Experiment
null
Control
null
DNS Queries
Resolver:
172.253.211.28
Query:
IN A www.economist.com
Engine:
system
Name
Class
TTL
Type
DATA
@
IN
A
172.64.145.237
@
IN
A
104.18.42.19
TCP Connections
Connection to 172.64.145.237:443 succeeded.
Connection to 104.18.42.19:443 succeeded.
HTTP Requests
URL
GET https://www.economist.com/
Response Headers
Alt-Svc:h3=":443"; ma=86400Cache-Control:public,must-revalidate,max-age=300,s-maxage=0Cf-Cache-Status:DYNAMICCf-Ray:8f6d99a68a8e4992-PNHContent-Type:text/html; charset=utf-8Date:Tue, 24 Dec 2024 03:45:44 GMTServer:cloudflareServer-Timing:cfCacheStatus;desc="DYNAMIC"Set-Cookie:economist_has_visited_app_before=true; Path=/; expires=Mon, 24 Mar 2025 03:45:44 GMT;Via:1.1 af7d117ff255d2e86949f0126b60c12c.cloudfront.net (CloudFront)X-Amz-Cf-Id:--I4PF8udRxa54VIMyEgDrnLUIsrjIJo0p54yIV06ArteaZtwJzwHA==X-Amz-Cf-Pop:SGN50-P1X-Cache:Miss from cloudfrontX-Economist-Features:SF_SIGNPOSTING,SOURCEPOINT,CP2_ARTICLE,REGISTRANT_ONBOARDING,TWA_HOMEPAGE,TOPIC_PAGE,CUE_HOMEPAGE,ARTICLE_TAGS,GROUP_SUBSCRIBER_WELCOME_MODAL,GROUP_ONE_TIME_COOKIE_BANNER,ARTICLE_INTERVENTION_BANNER,CP2_ARTICLE_EDITION,TEASER_CARD_TIME_FIELD,TWIB_TIMEZONE,CP2_TYPE_QUERY,SEARCH_PROXY_API,ZEPHR_ACQUISITION_BANNERS,LOAD_SOURCEPOINT_SCRIPTS_HIGHER,RICH_TOPICS,CP2_CACHED_URL,CP2_AUDIO,CP2_ARTICLE_MORE_FROM,B2B_PERSONALISED_RECOMMENDATIONS,AIRSHIP,SHOW_GIFT_GIVING_BUTTON,ERROR_PAGE_MOST_READ,CP1_ARTICLE_FALLBACKX-Economist-Host:www.economist.com
Response Body
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"/><title>The Economist | Independent journalism</title><link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/engassets/ico/touch-icon-120x120.png"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/engassets/ico/touch-icon-180x180.png"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/engassets/ico/touch-icon-152x152.png"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="167x167" href="/engassets/ico/touch-icon-167x167.png"/><link rel="manifest" href="/site.webmanifest.json"/><link href="https://cdn.design-system.economist.com" rel="preconnect"/><link href="https://cdn.design-system.economist.com" rel="preconnect" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link href="https://cdn.parsely.com" rel="preconnect"/><meta name="theme-color" content="#E3120B"/><meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#E3120B"/><meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/engassets/ico/tile-144.png"/><meta name="application-name" content="The Economist"/><meta name="msapplication-tooltip" content="The Economist"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.economist.com"/><meta name="description" content="Get in-depth global news and analysis. Our coverage spans world politics, business, tech, culture and more. Subscribe for free trial."/><meta name="thumbnail"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="The Economist"/><meta property="og:title" content="The Economist | Independent journalism"/><meta property="og:type" content="website"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.economist.com"/><meta property="og:description" content="Get in-depth global news and analysis. Our coverage spans world politics, business, tech, culture and more. Subscribe for free trial."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://www.economist.com/engassets/google-search-logo.png"/><meta property="og:image:width"/><meta property="og:image:height"/><meta name="twitter:site" content="@TheEconomist"/><meta name="twitter:description" content="Get in-depth global news and analysis. Our coverage spans world politics, business, tech, culture and more. Subscribe for free trial."/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.economist.com/engassets/google-search-logo.png"/><meta property="fb:app_id" content="193926687345108"/><meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"/><meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"/><script type="application/ld+json">
{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist","foundingDate":"1843","url":"https://www.economist.com","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://www.economist.com/engassets/google-search-logo.png"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/theeconomist","https://www.instagram.com/theeconomist","https://www.twitter.com/theeconomist","https://www.linkedin.com/company/the-economist","https://www.youtube.com/user/economistmagazine","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Economist"]}
</script><link rel="preload" as="image" imageSrcSet="https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=256,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 256w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=360,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 360w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=384,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 384w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=480,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 480w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=600,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 600w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=834,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 834w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=960,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 960w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1096,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 1096w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1280,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 1280w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1424,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 1424w" imageSizes="(min-width: 1440px) 700px, (min-width: 1280px) 600px, (min-width: 960px) 66vw, 90vw" fetchpriority="high"/><meta name="next-head-count" content="37"/><script>window.env = {"ENV":"production"}; </script><script data-nscript="beforeInteractive">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info = {"agent":"","beacon":"bam.eu01.nr-data.net","errorBeacon":"bam.eu01.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"NRBR-d59e0edcfdf2bb57fb4","applicationID":"475131438","agentToken":null,"applicationTime":267.03396,"transactionName":"MhBSZQoZCxFWUBZbWgtac0QLDAoPGFsNX1AVFFdU","queueTime":0,"ttGuid":"674ab771747dfd25"}; (window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.eu01.nr-data.net"]},distributed_tracing:{enabled:true}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={agentID:"538522448",accountID:"2609975",trustKey:"2609975",xpid:"VgAHWF9UDRAEU1RTBAADVVw=",licenseKey:"NRBR-d59e0edcfdf2bb57fb4",applicationID:"475131438"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-spa-1.277.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */
(()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>p,gD:()=>m,xN:()=>g});var n=r(3333),i=r(993);const o=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var a=r(2614),s=r(944),c=r(384),u=r(8122);const d="[data-nr-mask]",l=()=>{const e={feature_flags:[],experimental:{marks:!1,measures:!1,resources:!1},mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},get feature_flags(){return e.feature_flags},set feature_flags(t){e.feature_flags=t},generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:i.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{get capture_marks(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.MARKS)||e.experimental.marks},set capture_marks(t){e.experimental.marks=t},get capture_measures(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.MEASURES)||e.experimental.measures},set capture_measures(t){e.experimental.measures=t},resources:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.RESOURCES)||e.experimental.resources},set enabled(t){e.experimental.resources=t},asset_types:[],first_party_domains:[],ignore_newrelic:!0}},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:a.wk,inactiveMs:a.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){o(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(d):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=d:(0,s.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){o(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,s.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,s.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},f={},h="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function p(e){if(!e)throw new Error(h);if(!f[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return f[e]}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(h);f[e]=(0,u.a)(t,l());const r=(0,c.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=f[e])}function m(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(h);var r=p(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},5603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>c,o:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n="1.277.0",i="PROD",o="CDN",a="^2.0.0-alpha.17"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A4:()=>s,OF:()=>d,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>h,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,lR:()=>f,m:()=>u,mw:()=>c,sb:()=>l});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s="complete"===a?.document?.readyState,c=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),u=""+a?.location,d=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),l=d&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,f=(()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),h=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>a,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>o});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t<n.length;t++){var r=n[t];if("*"===r.hostname)return!1;if(s(r.hostname,e.hostname)&&c(r.pathname,e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function o(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function a(e){if(n=[],e&&e.length)for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;0===r.indexOf("http://")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf("https://")&&(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf("/");let o,a;i>0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a="");let[s]=o.split(":");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length>t.length)&&t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf("/")&&(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf("/")&&(t=t.substring(1)),""===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=h(n),c=g(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:g,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=g(e).concat(t)}function g(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>a,el:()=>u});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}function c(){return s(16)}function u(){return s(32)}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},7485:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(":")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&""!==r.port||("http:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="80"),"https:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="443")),r.pathname&&""!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith("/")||(r.pathname="/".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname="/",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},3304:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>o});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??""}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}return""}}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,u="addEventListener",d="removeEventListener",l="nr@wrapped:".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("events")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[u,d],"-",p)}function p(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(a.RI&&h(document,f),c&&h(c.prototype,f),h(a.gm,f)),t.on(u+"-start",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(d+"-start",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;"object"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,u);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},9300:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$v:()=>u,TZ:()=>n,Zp:()=>i,kd:()=>c,mq:()=>s,nf:()=>a,qN:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=["auxclick","click","copy","keydown","paste","scrollend"],o=["focus","blur"],a=4,s=1e3,c=["PageAction","UserAction","BrowserPerformance"],u={MARKS:"experimental.marks",MEASURES:"experimental.measures",RESOURCES:"experimental.resources"}},6774:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,TZ:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log",a=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>u});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(3969),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,["API/logging/".concat(c.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function u(e){return"string"==typeof e&&Object.values(s.p_).some((t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>d,G4:()=>o,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>a,_s:()=>s,bc:()=>u,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},u={RESET:{message:"Session was reset",sm:"Reset"},IMPORT:{message:"Recorder failed to import",sm:"Import"},TOO_MANY:{message:"429: Too Many Requests",sm:"Too-Many"},TOO_BIG:{message:"Payload was too large",sm:"Too-Big"},CROSS_TAB:{message:"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab",sm:"Cross-Tab"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started",sm:"Entitlement"}},d=5e3,l={API:"api"}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>c,CT:()=>u,SR:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,o.V)(e)&&!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_replay.preload")&&s(e)}function u(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>s,Lc:()=>u,Rz:()=>d,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>o,d3:()=>a,jx:()=>l,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",o="resource",a="-start",s="-end",c="fn"+a,u="fn"+s,d="pushState",l=1e3},3962:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{AM:()=>o,O2:()=>c,Qu:()=>u,TZ:()=>s,ih:()=>d,pP:()=>a,tC:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i=["click","keydown","submit","popstate"],o="api",a="initialPageLoad",s=n.K7.softNav,c={INITIAL_PAGE_LOAD:"",ROUTE_CHANGE:1,UNSPECIFIED:2},u={INTERACTION:1,AJAX:2,CUSTOM_END:3,CUSTOM_TRACER:4},d={IP:"in progress",FIN:"finished",CAN:"cancelled"}},7378:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$p:()=>x,BR:()=>b,Kp:()=>R,L3:()=>y,Lc:()=>c,NC:()=>o,SG:()=>d,TZ:()=>i,U6:()=>p,UT:()=>m,d3:()=>w,dT:()=>f,e5:()=>E,gx:()=>v,l9:()=>l,oW:()=>h,op:()=>g,rw:()=>u,tH:()=>A,uP:()=>s,wW:()=>T,xq:()=>a});var n=r(384);const i=r(860).K7.spa,o=["click","submit","keypress","keydown","keyup","change"],a=999,s="fn-start",c="fn-end",u="cb-start",d="api-ixn-",l="remaining",f="interaction",h="spaNode",p="jsonpNode",g="fetch-start",m="fetch-done",v="fetch-body-",b="jsonp-end",y=(0,n.dV)().o.ST,w="-start",R="-end",x="-body",T="cb"+R,E="jsTime",A="fetch"},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>o});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=>i.RI&&!0===(0,n.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled")},425:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>j});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),h=r(384),p=r(6344);const g=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","recordCustomEvent","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),w=r(3785),R=r(2646),x=r(3434);const T=new Map;function E(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,x.YM)(i),a=new R.y(s.P);a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes;const c=t[r]?.[x.Jt]||t[r];return T.set(c,a),o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",(()=>T.get(c))),i}function A(){const e=(0,h.pV)();g.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const S={};var N=r(9417),_=r(5603),O=r(5284);const I=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let P=!1;function j(e,t={},g,R){let{init:x,info:T,loader_config:j,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=g;const L=(0,h.pV)();T||(x=L.init,T=L.info,j=L.loader_config),(0,N.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,x||{}),(0,_.a)(e.agentIdentifier,j||{}),T.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(T.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,T);const H=(0,N.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),M=[T.beacon,T.errorBeacon];P||(H.proxy.assets&&(I(H.proxy.assets),M.push(H.proxy.assets)),H.proxy.beacon&&M.push(H.proxy.beacon),A(),(0,h.US)("activatedFeatures",O.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===H.soft_navigations.enabled&&H.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),C.denyList=[...H.ajax.deny_list||[],...H.ajax.block_internal?M:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const g={};var R=s.ee.get(e),x=R.get("tracer");S[e]=b.g.OFF,R.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{S[e]=t}));var T="api-",A=T+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(T,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function _(){}g.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,w.R)(R,e,t,r)},g.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),E(R,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=>{g[e]=I(T,e,!0,"api")})),g.addPageAction=I(T,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),g.recordCustomEvent=I(T,"recordCustomEvent",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),g.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,I(T,"setPageViewName",!0)()},g.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},g.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},g.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},g.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),R.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},g[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g.interaction=function(e){return(new _).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const O=_.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),h||(0,a.p)(A+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,R),function(){if(x.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw x.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{x.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[r?(0,v.t)():performance.now(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,R),r?void 0:this}}function P(){r.e(478).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),R.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{O[e]=I(A,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),g.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(A,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(T,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),g.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!S[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,R)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>P()),!0):P(),g}(e.agentIdentifier,R,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=k),P=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>({212:"nr-spa-compressor",249:"nr-spa-recorder",478:"nr-spa"}[e]+"-1.277.0.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.277.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={478:"sha512-AgX6f6qOxyV4l/Fg8saiNsK37oY3qvFRTOkwua+LDBTL7KUv+eoUSnunEaP3OvjJ1ZiSn43xQyjf9TWbqq8FVQ==",249:"sha512-43TwsElpnwfBCx+EERv4zX5fDsbQLB0w+NTEOt/flpNK9wKjMch+SQIUgLVqaF8jJt5qUeNPsDi/Zk+jgt3SLw==",212:"sha512-/Y+2vKPi087MH5FY89Cw9ahyQ2qnbVj7M2MganYRhmEg4Xos9v/cFPZviY2a1m17D9zpXkOtPsycYXk2AV0huA=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={38:0,788:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.277.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.277.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}recordCustomEvent(e,t){return this.#e("recordCustomEvent",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(425);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),p=i(6154),g=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,v.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,g.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class w extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(384);var x=i(9908),T=i(2843),E=i(3878),A=i(782),S=i(1863);class N extends b{static featureName=A.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,A.T,t),p.RI&&((0,T.u)((()=>(0,x.p)("docHidden",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,A.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,E.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,x.p)("winPagehide",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,A.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var _=i(3969);class O extends b{static featureName=_.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,_.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),P=i(3304);class j{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name="UncaughtError",this.message="string"==typeof e?e:(0,P.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return H(e)?e:new j(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t="Unhandled Promise Rejection";if(!e?.reason)return;if(H(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+": "+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+": "+r?.message,r}function L(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new j(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return H(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function H(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}class M extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on("internal-error",((e,t)=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("ierr",[C(e),(0,S.t)(),!0,{},this.#r,t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.#r=e})),p.gm.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[k(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,E.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),p.gm.addEventListener("error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[L(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,E.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var D=i(8990);let K=1;const U="nr@id";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===p.gm?0:(0,D.I)(e,U,(function(){return K++}))}function G(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,P.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=["open","send"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(void 0===p.gm.XMLHttpRequest)return n;if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=p.gm.MutationObserver,s=p.gm.Promise,c=p.gm.setInterval,u="readystatechange",d=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],l=[],f=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit("new-xhr",[r],a),r.addEventListener(u,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!s.resolved&&(s.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,d,"fn-",y)}),(0,E.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit("internal-error",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,"-xhr-",y),n.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a&&(g?g.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on("open-xhr-start",h),a){var g=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===u||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e<l.length;e++)h(0,l[e]);l.length&&(l=[])}function y(e,t){return t}return n}var Y="fetch-",X=Y+"body-",J=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],Q=p.gm.Request,ee=p.gm.Response,te="prototype";const re={};function ne(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(Q&&ee&&p.gm.fetch))return t;if(re[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];"function"==typeof i&&(e[r]=function(){var e,r=[...arguments],o={};t.emit(n+"before-start",[r],o),o[B.P]&&o[B.P].dt&&(e=o[B.P].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+"start",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+"end",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+"end",[e],a),e}))})}return re[t.debugId]=1,J.forEach((e=>{r(Q[te],e,X),r(ee[te],e,X)})),r(p.gm,"fetch",Y),t.on(Y+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+"done",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),u={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(u.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),u.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(u.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),u}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof p.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,P.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n<r.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,ie.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname&&e.protocol===i.protocol&&e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var se=i(9300),ce=i(7295),ue=["load","error","abort","timeout"],de=ue.length,le=(0,R.dV)().o.REQ,fe=(0,R.dV)().o.XHR;class he extends b{static featureName=se.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,se.T,t),this.dt=new ae(e.agentIdentifier),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,x.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:"xhr",fetch:"fetch",beacon:"beacon"};p.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType("resource").forEach((t=>{if(t.initiatorType in e&&0!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};pe(r,t.name),this.handler("xhr",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=R,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){T(t,e)}),(0,E.jT)(!1)),p.lR||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,E.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},pe(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("newrelic",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("traceparent",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader("tracestate",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o&&(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n&&i){var a=G(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof r.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s<de;s++)r.addEventListener(ue[s],this.listener,(0,E.jT)(!1))}function u(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function d(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function l(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function f(){this.endTime=(0,S.t)()}function h(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function g(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function m(e,t,r){t instanceof fe&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,S.t)()))}function v(e,r){this.xhrCbStart&&t.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,S.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,r],r)}function b(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if("string"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length&&p.RI&&(t=""+p.gm.location.href):e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:p.gm?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:"function"==typeof e[0].toString&&(t=e[0].toString()),"string"==typeof t&&0!==t.length){t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,ie.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i&&(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]&&e[0].headers)s(e[0].headers,i)&&(this.dt=i);else{var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(o.headers,i)&&(this.dt=i),e.length>1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof le?r=i.url:p.gm?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),pe(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof le&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function w(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,S.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,S.t)()-this.startTime};r("xhr",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function R(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t<de;t++)e.removeEventListener(ue[t],this.listener,!1);t.aborted||(0,ce.iW)(t)||(n.duration=(0,S.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCaptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status&&(t.status=0):T(this,e),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,r("xhr",[t,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this,a.K7.ajax))}}function T(e,r){e.params.status=r.status;var n=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?G(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?G(e.responseText):void 0}(r,e.lastSize);if(n&&(e.metrics.rxSize=n),e.sameOrigin){var i=r.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");i&&((0,x.p)(_.rs,["Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen"],void 0,a.K7.metrics,t),e.params.cat=i.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}t.on("new-xhr",i),t.on("open-xhr-start",o),t.on("open-xhr-end",s),t.on("send-xhr-start",c),t.on("xhr-cb-time",u),t.on("xhr-load-added",d),t.on("xhr-load-removed",l),t.on("xhr-resolved",f),t.on("addEventListener-end",h),t.on("removeEventListener-end",g),t.on("fn-end",v),t.on("fetch-before-start",b),t.on("fetch-start",y),t.on("fn-start",m),t.on("fetch-done",w)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e)}}function pe(e,t){var r=(0,ie.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const ge={},me=["pushState","replaceState"];function ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("history")}(e);return!p.RI||ge[t.debugId]++||(ge[t.debugId]=1,(0,W.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,me,"-")),t}var be=i(3738);const{He:ye,bD:we,d3:Re,Kp:xe,TZ:Te,Lc:Ee,uP:Ae,Rz:Se}=be;class Ne extends b{static featureName=Te;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Te,t);if(!(0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier))return void this.deregisterDrain();const r=this.ee;let n;ve(r),this.eventsEE=(0,F.u)(r),this.eventsEE.on(Ae,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,S.t)()})),this.eventsEE.on(Ee,(function(e,t){(0,x.p)("bst",[e[0],t,this.bstStart,(0,S.t)()],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),r.on(Se+Re,(function(e){this.time=(0,S.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),r.on(Se+xe,(function(e){(0,x.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)}));try{n=new PerformanceObserver((e=>{const t=e.getEntries();(0,x.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:we,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var _e=i(2614);class Oe extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("".concat(_e.H3,"_").concat(_e.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,g.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)&&this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=>this.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on("err",(e=>{this.replayRunning&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,x.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===_e.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===_e.g.ERROR)||(0,g.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#u=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#u){this.#u=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(478),i.e(249)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==_e.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(_e.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=_e.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder&&this.recorder.parent.mode!==_e.g.FULL&&(this.recorder.parent.mode=_e.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3962);class Pe extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,Ie.TZ,t),!p.RI||!(0,R.dV)().o.MO)return;const r=ve(this.ee);Ie.tC.forEach((e=>{(0,E.sp)(e,(e=>{a(e)}),!0)}));const n=()=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[(0,S.t)(),""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee);r.on("pushState-end",n),r.on("replaceState-end",n);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}(0,E.sp)("popstate",(e=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[e.timeStamp,""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal);let i=!1;const o=new((0,R.dV)().o.MO)(((e,t)=>{i||(i=!0,requestAnimationFrame((()=>{(0,x.p)("newDom",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),i=!1})))})),a=(0,v.s)((e=>{(0,x.p)("newUIEvent",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),o.observe(document.body,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,subtree:!0,characterData:!0})}),100,{leading:!0});this.abortHandler=function(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),o.disconnect(),this.abortHandler=void 0},this.importAggregator(e,{domObserver:o})}}var je=i(7378);const Ce={},ke=["appendChild","insertBefore","replaceChild"];function Le(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("jsonp")}(e);if(!p.RI||Ce[t.debugId])return t;Ce[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=/[?&](?:callback|cb)=([^&#]+)/,i=/(.*)\.([^.]+)/,o=/^(\w+)(\.|$)(.*)$/;function a(e,t){if(!e)return t;const r=e.match(o),n=r[1];return a(r[3],t[n])}return r.inPlace(Node.prototype,ke,"dom-"),t.on("dom-start",(function(e){!function(e){if(!e||"string"!=typeof e.nodeName||"script"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())return;if("function"!=typeof e.addEventListener)return;var o=(s=e.src,c=s.match(n),c?c[1]:null);var s,c;if(!o)return;var u=function(e){var t=e.match(i);if(t&&t.length>=3)return{key:t[2],parent:a(t[1],window)};return{key:e,parent:window}}(o);if("function"!=typeof u.parent[u.key])return;var d={};function l(){t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,E.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,E.jT)(!1))}function f(){t.emit("jsonp-error",[],d),t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,E.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,E.jT)(!1))}r.inPlace(u.parent,[u.key],"cb-",d),e.addEventListener("load",l,(0,E.jT)(!1)),e.addEventListener("error",f,(0,E.jT)(!1)),t.emit("new-jsonp",[e.src],d)}(e[0])})),t}const He={};function Me(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("promise")}(e);if(He[t.debugId])return t;He[t.debugId]=!0;var r=t.context,n=(0,W.YM)(t),i=p.gm.Promise;return i&&function(){function e(r){var o=t.context(),a=n(r,"executor-",o,null,!1);const s=Reflect.construct(i,[a],e);return t.context(s).getCtx=function(){return o},s}p.gm.Promise=e,Object.defineProperty(e,"name",{value:"Promise"}),e.toString=function(){return i.toString()},Object.setPrototypeOf(e,i),["all","race"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){let i=!1;[...e||[]].forEach((e=>{this.resolve(e).then(a("all"===r),a(!1))}));const o=n.apply(this,arguments);return o;function a(e){return function(){t.emit("propagate",[null,!i],o,!1,!1),i=i||!e}}}})),["resolve","reject"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){const r=n.apply(this,arguments);return e!==r&&t.emit("propagate",[e,!0],r,!1,!1),r}})),e.prototype=i.prototype;const o=i.prototype.then;i.prototype.then=function(...e){var i=this,a=r(i);a.promise=i,e[0]=n(e[0],"cb-",a,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"cb-",a,null,!1);const s=o.apply(this,e);return a.nextPromise=s,t.emit("propagate",[i,!0],s,!1,!1),s},i.prototype.then[W.Jt]=o,t.on("executor-start",(function(e){e[0]=n(e[0],"resolve-",this,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"resolve-",this,null,!1)})),t.on("executor-err",(function(e,t,r){e[1](r)})),t.on("cb-end",(function(e,r,n){t.emit("propagate",[n,!0],this.nextPromise,!1,!1)})),t.on("propagate",(function(e,r,n){this.getCtx&&!r||(this.getCtx=function(){if(e instanceof Promise)var r=t.context(e);return r&&r.getCtx?r.getCtx():this})}))}(),t}const De={},Ke="setTimeout",Ue="setInterval",Ve="clearTimeout",Ge="-start",Fe=[Ke,"setImmediate",Ue,Ve,"clearImmediate"];function Be(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("timer")}(e);if(De[t.debugId]++)return t;De[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,W.YM)(t);return r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(0,2),Ke+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(2,3),Ue+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(3),Ve+"-"),t.on(Ue+Ge,(function(e,t,n){e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",null,n)})),t.on(Ke+Ge,(function(e,t,n){this.method=n,this.timerDuration=isNaN(e[1])?0:+e[1],e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",this,n)})),t}const We={};function ze(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("mutation")}(e);if(!p.RI||We[t.debugId])return t;We[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=p.gm.MutationObserver;return n&&(window.MutationObserver=function(e){return this instanceof n?new n(r(e,"fn-")):n.apply(this,arguments)},MutationObserver.prototype=n.prototype),t}const{TZ:qe,d3:Ze,Kp:Ye,$p:Xe,wW:$e,e5:Je,tH:Qe,uP:et,rw:tt,Lc:rt}=je;class nt extends b{static featureName=qe;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,qe,t),!p.RI)return;try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}let r,n=0;const i=this.ee.get("tracer"),o=Le(this.ee),a=Me(this.ee),s=Be(this.ee),c=Z(this.ee),u=this.ee.get("events"),d=ne(this.ee),l=ve(this.ee),f=ze(this.ee);function h(e,t){l.emit("newURL",[""+window.location,t])}function g(){n++,r=window.location.hash,this[et]=(0,S.t)()}function m(){n--,window.location.hash!==r&&h(0,!0);var e=(0,S.t)();this[Je]=~~this[Je]+e-this[et],this[rt]=e}function v(e,t){e.on(t,(function(){this[t]=(0,S.t)()}))}this.ee.on(et,g),a.on(tt,g),o.on(tt,g),this.ee.on(rt,m),a.on($e,m),o.on($e,m),this.ee.on("fn-err",((...t)=>{t[2]?.__newrelic?.[e.agentIdentifier]||(0,x.p)("function-err",[...t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.buffer([et,rt,"xhr-resolved"],this.featureName),u.buffer([et],this.featureName),s.buffer(["setTimeout"+Ye,"clearTimeout"+Ze,et],this.featureName),c.buffer([et,"new-xhr","send-xhr"+Ze],this.featureName),d.buffer([Qe+Ze,Qe+"-done",Qe+Xe+Ze,Qe+Xe+Ye],this.featureName),l.buffer(["newURL"],this.featureName),f.buffer([et],this.featureName),a.buffer(["propagate",tt,$e,"executor-err","resolve"+Ze],this.featureName),i.buffer([et,"no-"+et],this.featureName),o.buffer(["new-jsonp","cb-start","jsonp-error","jsonp-end"],this.featureName),v(d,Qe+Ze),v(d,Qe+"-done"),v(o,"new-jsonp"),v(o,"jsonp-end"),v(o,"cb-start"),l.on("pushState-end",h),l.on("replaceState-end",h),window.addEventListener("hashchange",h,(0,E.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("load",h,(0,E.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("popstate",(function(){h(0,n>1)}),(0,E.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var it=i(3333);class ot extends b{static featureName=it.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,it.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled,e.init.performance.resources.enabled];if(p.RI&&(e.init.user_actions.enabled&&(it.Zp.forEach((e=>(0,E.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),it.qN.forEach((e=>(0,E.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)))))),e.init.performance.resources.enabled&&p.gm.PerformanceObserver?.supportedEntryTypes.includes("resource"))){new PerformanceObserver((e=>{e.getEntries().forEach((e=>{(0,x.p)("browserPerformance.resource",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}))})).observe({type:"resource",buffered:!0})}r.some((e=>e))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var at=i(993),st=i(3785);class ct extends b{static featureName=at.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,at.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;this.ee.on("wrap-logger-end",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,st.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,R.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(w),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,R.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[he,w,N,Ne,Oe,O,M,ot,ct,Pe,nt],loaderType:"spa"})})()})();</script><script data-test-id="interactive-resize-script" data-nscript="beforeInteractive">
// Resize iframes on articles with interactives when they send a RESIZE message
window.addEventListener('message', (event) => {
if (event.data.type === 'RESIZE') {
const height = parseInt(event.data.payload.height, 10);
Array.prototype.forEach.call(document.getElementsByTagName('iframe'), function (element) {
if (element.contentWindow === event.source) {
element.style.height = height + 'px';
}
});
}
}, false);
</script><link rel="preload" href="/engassets/_next/static/css/037feaf52a1d5de0.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/engassets/_next/static/css/037feaf52a1d5de0.css" data-n-g=""/><link rel="preload" href="/engassets/_next/static/css/063348c334518f98.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/engassets/_next/static/css/063348c334518f98.css" data-n-p=""/><noscript data-n-css=""></noscript><script defer="" nomodule="" src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/polyfills-42372ed130431b0a.js"></script><script data-test-id="sourcepoint-config-script" src="//cmp-cdn.p.aws.economist.com/latest/configs/economist.config.js" defer="" data-nscript="beforeInteractive"></script><script data-test-id="sourcepoint-script" src="//cmp-cdn.p.aws.economist.com/latest/cmp.min.js" defer="" data-nscript="beforeInteractive"></script><script data-test-id="optimizely-script" src="/optimizelyjs/19440972562.js" id="optimizely-script" defer="" data-nscript="beforeInteractive"></script><script src="https://wall-ui-cdn.p.aws.economist.com/latest/wall-ui.js" defer="" data-nscript="beforeInteractive"></script><script defer="" src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/423ae6dd.56fcecb49995b235.js"></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/webpack-612b50d9750b0b4e.js" defer=""></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/framework-b0ec748c7a4c483a.js" defer=""></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/main-1ef9d06425594aa8.js" defer=""></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-4de73a357971a62d.js" defer=""></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/109fbaa8-91930578365faa61.js" defer=""></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/d6e1aeb5-481f02ace85a3019.js" defer=""></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/5078-fbe0a910bde2a3c2.js" defer=""></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/7604-29dc0ac8e3f8806e.js" defer=""></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/7306-c4f31100fd2bc95e.js" defer=""></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/2829-8673cc4bc660b39b.js" defer=""></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/8696-000c67c496b6abe0.js" defer=""></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/6763-571dc9b2ddb76e81.js" defer=""></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/2509-e21e08500cfd2c5c.js" defer=""></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/2070-e5bfa3af5349158c.js" defer=""></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/4073-492e436ef8b009b6.js" defer=""></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/chunks/pages/index-19cdc3daa4779f07.js" defer=""></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/u4-3YtrGB_7Ok2UwEfUxW/_buildManifest.js" defer=""></script><script src="/engassets/_next/static/u4-3YtrGB_7Ok2UwEfUxW/_ssgManifest.js" defer=""></script></head><body><div id="__next"><div><style data-emotion="css-global 1me4job">body{background-color:var(--ds-color-london-100);color:var(--ds-color-london-5);font-family:var(--ds-type-system-serif);font-size:var(--ds-type-scale-0);font-style:normal;font-weight:400;line-height:var(--ds-type-leading-lower);-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;}img{height:auto;max-width:100%;}.visually-hidden{clip:rect(0.0625rem,0.0625rem,0.0625rem,0.0625rem);height:0.0625rem;margin:-0.0625rem;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:0.0625rem;}</style><style data-emotion="css-global rxe3jc">.advert >div{display:inline-block;margin:0.75rem 0 0;}.advert--aside{grid-column:1/-1;margin:0;}.advert--inline{border:0.0625rem solid hsla(var(--ds-color-hsl-london-85),0.5);box-shadow:none;margin-bottom:2.1875rem;margin-top:1.3125rem;}.advert--regwall{border:0.0625rem solid hsla(var(--ds-color-hsl-london-85),0.5);box-shadow:none;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:2.25rem;}@media (max-width: 79.9375rem){.advert--regwall{background-color:#fafafa;border:1px solid #ededed;margin-top:2.1875rem;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:0;z-index:1;}}.advert--leaderboard{display:none;}.advert--billboard{display:none;}.advert--full-width{margin:0 0 3rem 0;}.advert.hidden{margin:0;}@media (min-width: 60rem){.advert--leaderboard{display:block;height:9.8125rem;}.advert--full-width{margin-bottom:3.5rem;}}@media (max-width: 79.9375rem){.advert--right-rail,.layout-rhr-lower{display:none;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.advert--right-rail{grid-area:1/9/3/-1;height:40.9375rem;}.advert--right-rail .advert{box-shadow:none;}}@media (min-width: 89rem){.advert--right-rail{grid-column-start:10;}}</style><div class="global-layout css-0 e19laall0"><div class="adComponent_advert__kPVUI adComponent_top__0UnUy adComponent_hidden__Dp0GM"><div><div id="econtop-0" class="adComponent_adcontainer__eooQr"></div></div></div><style data-emotion="css 1c5y16c">.css-1c5y16c{background-color:var(--ds-color-london-100);position:absolute;}.css-1c5y16c,.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead{width:100%;}.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead.is-open,.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead.account-is-open,.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead.search-is-open{position:fixed;z-index:98;}.css-1c5y16c +div,.css-1c5y16c +div+footer{position:relative;top:6.75rem;}@media (max-width: 37.4375rem){.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead.is-open,.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead.search-is-open{overflow-y:scroll;}.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead.account-is-open{overflow-y:scroll;height:100%;}.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead.is-open{height:100%;}.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead.is-open::after{background:var(--ds-color-london-20);bottom:-50vh;content:'';height:100vh;position:fixed;width:100%;z-index:-1;}.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead +div,.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead +div+footer{top:7.25rem;}}@media (min-width: 22.5rem){.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead{margin-bottom:1rem;}.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead.is-open{height:100%;}.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead +div,.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead +div+footer{top:7.25rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead{margin-bottom:0.5rem;}.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead.is-open,.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead.account-is-open,.css-1c5y16c .ds-masthead.search-is-open{height:auto;position:absolute;}.css-1c5y16c +div,.css-1c5y16c +div+footer{top:7.75rem;}}@media (min-width: 60rem){.css-1c5y16c +div,.css-1c5y16c +div+footer{top:8.5rem;}}@media (max-width: 19.5625rem){.css-1c5y16c +div,.css-1c5y16c +div+footer{top:10.5rem;}}</style><div class="styled-masthead css-1c5y16c e1u2f09b0"><style data-emotion="css-global 8vn48m">@media (max-width: 37.4375rem){html.masthead-is-open,body.masthead-is-open{height:100%;overflow:hidden;}body.masthead-is-open::before{background:var(--ds-color-london-20);bottom:-50vh;content:'';height:100vh;position:fixed;width:100%;z-index:1;}}</style><header data-test-id="Masthead" class="ds-masthead"><div class="ds-layout-masthead"><a href="/" class="ds-masthead-home"><svg width="128" height="64" viewBox="0 0 128 64" role="img" id="ds-economist-logo" aria-labelledby="ds-economist-logo-title" class="ds-masthead-logo"><title id="ds-economist-logo-title">The Economist</title><path d="M128 0H0V64.0018H128V0Z" fill="#E3120B"></path><path d="M66.5136 27.6934V28.4131H71.4384V27.6934C70.4647 27.5911 70.0555 27.3336 70.0555 26.4622V20.666C70.0555 18.7186 68.722 17.7414 67.1839 17.7414C65.5434 17.7414 64.2593 18.768 63.5925 19.3818V18.768L63.6948 12.7672C62.4142 13.127 61.0807 13.3316 59.7966 13.381V13.9949C60.9255 14.2524 61.2324 14.5593 61.2324 15.4307V26.4551C61.2324 27.3265 60.8232 27.5311 60.0012 27.6863V28.406H64.8731V27.6863C63.8465 27.6863 63.5925 27.3794 63.5925 26.4551V21.3257C63.5925 20.0945 64.4639 19.2231 65.748 19.2231C67.0322 19.2231 67.6954 19.9428 67.6954 21.2728V26.4516C67.6954 27.323 67.3885 27.5276 66.5171 27.6828L66.5136 27.6934Z" fill="white"></path><path d="M20.7189 47.0788H19.7946C18.3059 47.0788 17.8967 46.6166 17.8967 45.643V40.1043L20.2038 40.2066C21.3328 40.2595 21.742 40.5135 21.9466 42.2069H22.7686V37.1303H21.9466C21.742 38.8237 21.3328 39.1306 20.2038 39.18L17.8967 39.2823V34.3575C17.8967 33.3309 18.3588 32.9216 19.5371 32.9216H21.1775C23.0226 32.9216 23.333 33.6907 23.7916 35.6381H24.6136V31.9973H13.381V32.717C14.5593 32.9746 15.1238 33.3838 15.1238 34.2552V45.6394C15.1238 46.6131 14.5593 47.0223 13.2787 47.2799V47.9995H24.8182L25.2804 43.7944H24.3561C23.6893 46.2568 23.3295 47.0753 20.7154 47.0753L20.7189 47.0788Z" fill="white"></path><path d="M97.0786 45.9993V39.8467L97.1809 36.6153C95.8474 37.0245 94.5668 37.2291 93.2333 37.3349V38.0017C94.3622 38.0546 94.6162 38.6685 94.6162 39.6421V46.0028C94.6162 46.9765 94.2564 47.234 93.4379 47.2834V48.0031H98.3628V47.2834C97.2868 47.2305 97.0822 47.0259 97.0822 46.0028L97.0786 45.9993Z" fill="white"></path><path d="M90.7709 45.9993V39.6915C90.7709 37.6419 89.3351 36.6153 87.7969 36.6153C86.5657 36.6153 85.1828 37.3843 84.1033 38.3086C83.6941 37.1797 82.6675 36.6153 81.5915 36.6153C80.2086 36.6153 78.7198 37.4866 77.7462 38.3086L77.7991 36.6153C76.5185 37.0245 75.2873 37.2291 74.0031 37.3349V38.0017C75.132 38.0546 75.386 38.6685 75.386 39.6421V46.0028C75.386 46.9765 74.9239 47.234 74.1054 47.2834V48.0031H79.2349V47.2834C78.2083 47.2305 77.852 47.0259 77.852 46.0028V40.2066C77.852 38.8731 78.7234 38.0511 80.0075 38.0511C81.1364 38.0511 81.8526 38.8731 81.8526 40.1537V45.9993C81.8526 46.973 81.4433 47.2305 80.5719 47.2799V47.9996H85.7014V47.2799C84.6748 47.227 84.3185 47.0223 84.3185 45.9993V40.2031C84.3185 38.8695 85.1899 38.0476 86.474 38.0476C87.6029 38.0476 88.3191 38.8695 88.3191 40.1501V45.9957C88.3191 46.9694 87.9098 47.227 87.0384 47.2763V47.996H92.115V47.2763C91.1413 47.2234 90.7815 47.0188 90.7815 45.9957L90.7709 45.9993Z" fill="white"></path><path d="M105.231 41.6918L103.386 40.7675C102.462 40.3054 102.106 39.6915 102.106 39.0248C102.106 37.9982 102.928 37.3314 104.004 37.3314C105.387 37.3314 105.951 38.4603 106.364 39.434H107.031L106.978 37.1762C106.156 36.8164 105.133 36.6118 104.261 36.6118C102.056 36.6118 100.003 37.8924 100.003 40.0972C100.003 41.4308 100.772 42.4574 101.951 43.0218L103.644 43.8438C104.72 44.3553 105.235 44.8175 105.235 45.7418C105.235 46.8707 104.311 47.4104 103.235 47.4104C101.541 47.4104 101.03 46.2039 100.67 44.6129H99.9009L99.9538 47.4845C100.568 47.7914 101.852 48.2042 103.235 48.2042C105.799 48.2042 107.542 46.7154 107.542 44.6658C107.542 43.2829 106.773 42.4609 105.235 41.6918H105.231Z" fill="white"></path><path d="M81.334 26.2047L80.8224 25.6402C80.0534 26.3599 79.0797 27.076 77.7462 27.076C75.4884 27.076 74.6699 25.485 74.6699 23.0261V22.6663H81.3869C81.5421 19.844 80.004 17.7414 77.284 17.7414C74.3101 17.7414 72.2075 20.2532 72.2075 23.6399C72.2075 26.7162 73.8479 28.7694 76.7196 28.7694C78.9774 28.7694 80.5155 27.3336 81.334 26.2047ZM76.9771 18.6163C78.1554 18.6163 79.0797 19.5406 78.9245 21.8478H74.6664C74.8216 19.5406 75.7953 18.6163 76.9736 18.6163H76.9771Z" fill="white"></path><path d="M97.3855 33.4367C97.3855 32.5653 96.7188 31.8986 95.8474 31.8986C94.976 31.8986 94.3093 32.5653 94.3093 33.4367C94.3093 34.3081 94.976 34.9748 95.8474 34.9748C96.7188 34.9748 97.3855 34.3081 97.3855 33.4367Z" fill="white"></path><path d="M42.6161 36.6153C39.18 36.6153 37.335 39.5398 37.335 42.6655C37.335 46.1016 39.6951 48.2042 42.5138 48.2042C45.9499 48.2042 47.795 45.2302 47.795 42.2033C47.795 38.6649 45.4878 36.6153 42.6161 36.6153ZM42.8207 47.3857C41.2826 47.3857 40.256 46.1545 39.9491 42.7713C39.8962 42.3092 39.8962 41.847 39.8962 41.4378C39.8962 38.8237 40.7181 37.4372 42.3057 37.4372C43.8932 37.4372 44.8704 38.6685 45.1773 42.0516C45.2302 42.5138 45.2302 42.9759 45.2302 43.3852C45.2302 45.9993 44.3589 47.3857 42.8207 47.3857Z" fill="white"></path><path d="M32.717 46.5144C30.5615 46.5144 29.3338 44.7716 29.3338 42.0517C29.3338 39.4869 30.0535 37.4866 31.694 37.4866C33.3344 37.4866 33.3344 39.6421 34.6679 39.6421C35.3347 39.6421 35.8991 39.0777 35.8991 38.3615C35.8991 37.2856 34.5162 36.6188 32.7206 36.6188C29.2351 36.6188 26.875 39.1306 26.875 42.8736C26.875 46.1545 28.6706 48.2077 31.5423 48.2077C33.9024 48.2077 35.4405 46.8742 36.3119 45.643L35.8003 45.0785C35.0313 45.7982 34.0576 46.5144 32.7241 46.5144H32.717Z" fill="white"></path><path d="M59.5391 45.9993V39.6915C59.5391 37.6419 58.1562 36.6153 56.4628 36.6153C54.7695 36.6153 53.6935 37.5396 52.7692 38.3086L52.8221 36.6153C51.5415 37.0245 50.3103 37.2291 49.0262 37.3349V38.0017C50.1551 38.0546 50.4091 38.6685 50.4091 39.6421V46.0028C50.4091 46.9765 49.9469 47.234 49.1285 47.2834V48.0031H54.205V47.2834C53.1784 47.2305 52.8715 47.0259 52.8715 46.0028V39.8997C52.8715 38.7708 53.7429 38.0546 55.0764 38.0546C56.4099 38.0546 57.0766 38.7743 57.0766 40.1572V46.0028C57.0766 46.9765 56.6674 47.234 55.796 47.2834V48.0031H60.8726V47.2834C59.8989 47.2305 59.5391 47.0259 59.5391 46.0028V45.9993Z" fill="white"></path><path d="M67.4873 36.6153C64.0512 36.6153 62.2061 39.5398 62.2061 42.6655C62.2061 46.1016 64.5662 48.2042 67.385 48.2042C70.8211 48.2042 72.6661 45.2302 72.6661 42.2033C72.6661 38.6649 70.3589 36.6153 67.4873 36.6153ZM67.6919 47.3857C66.1538 47.3857 65.1272 46.1545 64.8202 42.7713C64.7673 42.3092 64.7673 41.847 64.7673 41.4378C64.7673 38.8237 65.5893 37.4372 67.1768 37.4372C68.7643 37.4372 69.7415 38.6685 70.0485 42.0516C70.1014 42.5138 70.1014 42.9759 70.1014 43.3852C70.1014 45.9993 69.23 47.3857 67.6919 47.3857Z" fill="white"></path><path d="M50.6172 15.025C50.9241 15.025 51.0794 15.1273 51.0794 15.4871V26.1024C51.0794 27.0266 50.4655 27.5382 49.2343 27.6934V28.4131H55.4891V27.6934C54.2579 27.5382 53.6441 27.0266 53.6441 26.1024V15.4871C53.6441 15.1273 53.8487 15.025 54.0533 15.025H54.9247C56.5651 15.025 57.1296 15.6917 57.7469 17.9989H58.516V14.203H46.2074V17.9989H46.9765C47.5903 15.6917 48.1054 15.025 49.7988 15.025H50.6207H50.6172Z" fill="white"></path><path d="M113.437 46.8213C112.77 46.8213 112.206 46.5144 112.206 45.3855V38.2557H115.282V37.1268H112.206V34.3575H111.437C111.028 36.2555 109.899 37.4337 108.565 37.589V38.2557H109.796L109.694 45.8441C109.694 47.2799 110.206 48.2042 112.104 48.2042C113.282 48.2042 114.361 47.8443 115.335 46.9236L115.028 46.3591C114.619 46.6167 114.002 46.8213 113.437 46.8213Z" fill="white"></path></svg><svg width="64" height="64" viewBox="0 0 64 64" class="ds-masthead-monogram" role="img" id="ds-monogram-square" aria-labelledby="ds-monogram-square-title"><title id="ds-monogram-square-title">The Economist</title><path d="M64 0H0V64H64V0Z" fill="#E3120B"></path><path d="M35.1056 49.5991H32.7536C28.9908 49.5991 28.0496 48.5016 28.0496 46.0476V32.2621L33.7989 32.5232C36.6205 32.6803 37.6658 33.2535 38.2415 37.4842H40.175V24.7941H38.2415C37.6658 29.0758 36.6205 29.8081 33.7989 29.9122L28.0496 30.1733V17.9014C28.0496 15.3434 29.148 14.3499 32.0737 14.3499H36.2019C40.8018 14.3499 41.6368 16.2817 42.7883 21.1387H44.8789V12H16.7613V13.8277C19.6891 14.454 21.0998 15.4984 21.0998 17.6403V46.0476C21.0998 48.5016 19.6891 49.495 16.5 50.1723V52H45.2975L46.5 41.5028H44.148C42.3187 47.6122 41.6388 49.597 35.1056 49.597V49.5991Z" fill="#FFFFFF"></path>/></svg></a><a class="ds-skip-to-content" href="#content">Skip to content</a><div class="ds-masthead-nav"><nav aria-label="Primary" class="ds-masthead-nav-alpha"><ul><li class="ds-masthead-nav-alpha__item ds-masthead-nav-alpha__item--menu"><a class="ds-menu-disclosure" href="#" data-menu-is-open="false" aria-expanded="false" id="menu-button" data-test-id="Menu link" url="#sections" type="menu-nav"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g id="icon-menu-disclosure" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path class="path-foreground" d="M3 18h18v-2H3v2zm0-5h18v-2H3v2zm0-7v2h18V6H3z" fill="#0D0D0D" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg>Menu</a></li><li class="ds-masthead-nav-alpha__item ds-masthead-nav-alpha__item--weekly-edition"><a class="weekly-edition-link ds-navigation-link" href="/weeklyedition"><span>Weekly edition</span></a></li><li class="ds-masthead-nav-alpha__item ds-masthead-nav-alpha__item--the-world-in-brief"><a class="the-world-in-brief-link ds-navigation-link" href="/the-world-in-brief"><span>The world in brief</span></a></li><li class="ds-masthead-nav-alpha__item ds-masthead-nav-alpha__item--search"><a class="ds-navigation-disclosure--icon ds-navigation-disclosure--icon-search ds-navigation-disclosure" href="#" type="search-form">Search<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path class="path-foreground" fill="#0D0D0D" fill-rule="nonzero" d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6z"></path><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path></g></svg></a></li></ul></nav><div class="ds-masthead-nav-beta"><div class="ds-masthead-nav-beta__item ds-masthead-nav-beta__item--log-in"><a class="ds-navigation-link" href="/api/auth/login"><span>Log in</span></a></div></div></div><nav class="ds-masthead-nav-lists"><div id="menu-nav" tabindex="-1" role="presentation"></div><ul class="link-groups"><li class="ds-navigation-list"><h2 class="ds-navigation-list__header">Opinion</h2><ul class="ds-navigation-list-items--opinion"><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/leaders"><span>Leaders</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/letters"><span>Letters to the editor</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/by-invitation"><span>By Invitation</span></a></li><li class="ds-navigation-inner-list-desktop-only"><h2 class="ds-navigation-list__header">Current topics</h2><ul class="ds-navigation-list-items--current-topics"><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/the-us-elections-of-2024"><span>US elections 2024</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/ukraine-at-war"><span>War in Ukraine</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/war-in-the-middle-east"><span>War in the Middle East</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/the-world-ahead-2025"><span>The World Ahead 2025</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/climate-change"><span>Climate change</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/coronavirus"><span>Coronavirus</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/economy"><span>The world economy</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/artificial-intelligence"><span>Artificial intelligence</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="ds-navigation-list ds-navigation-list-no-desktop"><h2 class="ds-navigation-list__header">Current topics</h2><ul class="ds-navigation-list-items--current-topics"><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/the-us-elections-of-2024"><span>US elections 2024</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/ukraine-at-war"><span>War in Ukraine</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/war-in-the-middle-east"><span>War in the Middle East</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/the-world-ahead-2025"><span>The World Ahead 2025</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/climate-change"><span>Climate change</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/coronavirus"><span>Coronavirus</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/economy"><span>The world economy</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/artificial-intelligence"><span>Artificial intelligence</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="ds-navigation-list"><h2 class="ds-navigation-list__header">World</h2><ul class="ds-navigation-list-items--world"><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/the-world-this-week"><span>The world this week</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/china"><span>China</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/united-states"><span>United States</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/europe"><span>Europe</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/topics/britain"><span>Britain</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/middle-east-and-africa"><span>Middle East & Africa</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/asia"><span>Asia</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/the-americas"><span>The Americas</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/international"><span>International</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/international-relations-a-to-z"><span>A-Z of international relations</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/military-terms-a-to-z"><span>A-Z of military terms</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/interactive/us-politics-glossary-election-terms"><span>A-Z of US politics</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/interactive/us-2024-election/trump-biden-polls"><span>US election poll tracker</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="ds-navigation-list"><h2 class="ds-navigation-list__header">In depth</h2><ul class="ds-navigation-list-items--in-depth"><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/science-and-technology"><span>Science & technology</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/briefing"><span>Briefing</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/graphic-detail"><span>Graphic detail</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/the-economist-explains"><span>The Economist explains</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/special-reports"><span>Special reports</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/technology-quarterly"><span>Technology Quarterly</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/essay"><span>Essay</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/schools-brief"><span>Schools brief</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="ds-navigation-list"><h2 class="ds-navigation-list__header">Business & economics</h2><ul class="ds-navigation-list-items--business-and-economics"><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/finance-and-economics"><span>Finance & economics</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/business"><span>Business</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/big-mac-index"><span>Big Mac index</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/economics-a-to-z"><span>A-Z of economics</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/economic-and-financial-indicators"><span>Economic & financial indicators</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="ds-navigation-list"><h2 class="ds-navigation-list__header">Culture & society</h2><ul class="ds-navigation-list-items--culture-and-society"><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/1843"><span>1843 magazine</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/culture"><span>Culture</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/obituary"><span>Obituary</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/the-economist-reads"><span>The Economist reads</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/christmas-specials"><span>Christmas Specials</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="ds-navigation-list ds-navigation-list--more"><h2 class="ds-navigation-list__header">More</h2><ul class="ds-navigation-list-items--more"><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/audio/podcasts"><span>Podcasts</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/newsletters"><span>Newsletters</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/video"><span>Video</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/get-the-app"><span>The Economist app</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/securedrop/"><span>SecureDrop</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/subscriber-events"><span>Subscriber events</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="https://education.economist.com/"><span>Economist Education courses</span></a></li><li><a class="ds-navigation-link ds-navigation-link--inverse" href="/enterprise/"><span>Economist Enterprise</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></nav><nav class="ds-masthead-account-lists"><ul class="ds-masthead-account-list"><li class="ds-masthead-account-list__item"><a class="ds-navigation-link" href="/api/my-account"><span>My Economist</span></a></li><li class="ds-masthead-account-list__item"><a class="ds-navigation-link" href="/saved-stories"><span>Saved stories</span></a></li><li class="ds-masthead-account-list__item"><a class="ds-navigation-link" href="/api/auth/logout"><span>Log out</span></a></li></ul><ul class="ds-masthead-account-main-list"><li class="ds-masthead-account-list__item"><a class="ds-navigation-link" href="/saved-stories"><span>Saved stories</span></a></li><li class="ds-masthead-account-list__item"><a class="ds-navigation-link" href="/api/my-account"><span>Account</span></a></li><li class="ds-masthead-account-list__item"><a class="ds-navigation-link" href="/api/auth/logout"><span>Log out</span></a></li></ul></nav><div class="ds-search-form"><div id="search-form" tabindex="-1" role="presentation"></div><form action="/search" method="get" class="ds-search-form-container"><div class="ds-form-field-layout ds-form-field-layout--adjacent"><label class="ds-form-label ds-form-label--inverse" for="masthead-search"><span>Search</span></label><div class="ds-form-field-combined-input"><input class="ds-form-input ds-form-input--inverse" id="masthead-search" name="q" placeholder=" " type="text" value=""/><button class="ds-button ds-button--secondary ds-button--inverse ds-button--icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" role="img" aria-labelledby="masthead-search-icon"><title id="masthead-search-icon">Search</title><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27A6.471 6.471 0 0016 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 109.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z"></path></svg></button></div></div></form></div></div><div id="skip-to-content-target"></div></header></div><div><style data-emotion="css-global 1wsrhbf">.layout-section-teasers{grid-row-gap:3rem;margin:0 var(--ds-grid-gap) 3rem;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.layout-section-teasers{grid-template-columns:6fr 6fr;margin-left:var(--ds-grid-gutter);margin-right:var(--ds-grid-gutter);}}@media (min-width: 60rem){.layout-section-teasers{grid-template-columns:4fr 4fr 4fr;margin-bottom:3.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.layout-section-teasers{grid-template-columns:3fr 3fr 3fr 3fr;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:89.5rem;padding:0 var(--ds-grid-gutter);}}</style><main role="main" id="content" data-source="c"><script type="application/ld+json">
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"itemList","@name":"Featured articles","itemListElement":[{"@type":"listItem","position":1,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/united-states/2024/12/23/matt-gaetz-vs-the-ethics-committee","datePublished":"2024-12-23T18:28:12Z","headline":"Matt Gaetz vs the ethics committee","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":2,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/europe/2024/12/23/inside-ukraines-secret-missile-programme","datePublished":"2024-12-23T15:43:53Z","headline":"Inside Ukraine’s secret missile programme","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241221_EUP510.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":3,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/by-invitation/2024/12/23/a-new-iranian-approach-to-regional-security-and-prosperity-by-m-javad-zarif","datePublished":"2024-12-23T16:39:26Z","headline":"A new Iranian approach to regional security and prosperity, by M. Javad Zarif","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241219_BID001.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":4,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/christmas-specials/2024/12/19/how-premodern-energy-shaped-britain","datePublished":"2024-12-19T14:40:33Z","headline":"How premodern energy shaped Britain","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241221_XMP013.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":5,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/culture/2024/12/19/babygirl-and-the-trouble-with-equality","datePublished":"2024-12-19T14:40:33Z","headline":"“Babygirl” and the trouble with equality","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241221_CUP001.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":6,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/christmas-specials/2024/12/19/how-the-axolotl-rose-from-obscurity-to-global-stardom","datePublished":"2024-12-19T14:40:33Z","headline":"How the axolotl rose from obscurity to global stardom","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241221_XMP022.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":7,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/britain/2024/12/19/why-meal-replacement-drinks-are-shaking-up-the-british-lunch","datePublished":"2024-12-19T14:40:33Z","headline":"Why meal-replacement drinks are shaking up the British lunch","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241221_BRP505.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":8,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/christmas-specials/2024/12/19/a-day-in-the-life-of-toyosu-the-worlds-greatest-fish-market","datePublished":"2024-12-19T14:40:33Z","headline":"A day in the life of Toyosu, the world’s greatest fish market","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241221_XMP021.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":9,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/christmas-specials/2024/12/19/how-better-data-could-lead-to-better-sex","datePublished":"2024-12-19T14:40:33Z","headline":"How better data could lead to better sex","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241221_XMD001.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":10,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/interactive/christmas-specials/2024/12/21/how-retired-aircraft-find-a-second-act","datePublished":"2024-12-19T14:26:59Z","headline":"How retired aircraft find a second act","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241221_XMD019.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":11,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/christmas-specials/2024/12/19/of-all-the-geological-periods-the-triassic-was-the-most-fabulous","datePublished":"2024-12-19T14:40:33Z","headline":"Of all the geological periods, the Triassic was the most fabulous","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241221_XMD028.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":12,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/the-economist-reads/2023/11/03/six-books-you-didnt-know-were-propaganda","datePublished":"2023-11-03T20:25:43Z","headline":"Six books you didn’t know were propaganda","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20231104_BLP512.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":13,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/special-report/2024/10/14/the-american-economy-has-left-other-rich-countries-in-the-dust","datePublished":"2024-10-14T13:16:21Z","headline":"The American economy has left other rich countries in the dust","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241019_SRP077.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":14,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/special-report/2024/10/14/american-productivity-still-leads-the-world","datePublished":"2024-10-14T13:16:21Z","headline":"American productivity still leads the world","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241019_SRP078.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":15,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/special-report/2024/10/14/is-higher-inequality-the-price-america-pays-for-faster-growth","datePublished":"2024-10-14T13:16:21Z","headline":"Is higher inequality the price America pays for faster growth?","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241019_SRP554.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":16,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/special-report/2024/10/14/the-shale-revolution-helped-make-americas-economy-great","datePublished":"2024-10-14T13:16:21Z","headline":"The shale revolution helped make America’s economy great","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241019_SRP079.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":17,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/special-report/2024/10/14/why-the-american-stockmarket-reigns-supreme","datePublished":"2024-10-14T13:16:21Z","headline":"Why the American stockmarket reigns supreme","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241019_SRP080.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":18,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/special-report/2024/10/14/chinas-yuan-is-nowhere-close-to-displacing-the-greenback","datePublished":"2024-10-14T13:16:21Z","headline":"China’s yuan is nowhere close to displacing the greenback","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241019_SRP081.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":19,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/special-report/2024/10/14/what-can-stop-the-american-economy-now","datePublished":"2024-10-14T13:16:21Z","headline":"What can stop the American economy now?","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20241019_SRP555.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}},{"@type":"listItem","position":20,"item":{"@type":"Article","url":"https://www.economist.com/special-report/2024/10/17/sources-and-acknowledgments","datePublished":"2024-10-17T08:35:49Z","headline":"Sources and acknowledgments","image":"https://www.economist.com/media-assets/image/20240713_OPD111.jpg","author":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"The Economist"}}}]}
</script><h1 class="visually-hidden">The Economist | Independent journalism</h1><style data-emotion="css 9xx9q4">.css-9xx9q4{display:none;}@media (min-width: 60rem){.css-9xx9q4{display:block;}}</style><div class="css-9xx9q4 e3e40d40"><style data-emotion="css 1bfdg3q">.css-1bfdg3q{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:89.5rem;position:relative;padding-left:var(--ds-grid-gap);padding-right:var(--ds-grid-gap);}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.css-1bfdg3q{padding-left:var(--ds-grid-gutter);padding-right:var(--ds-grid-gutter);}}</style><div class="css-1bfdg3q e1pkqesp0"><style data-emotion="css 1xqo7ld">.css-1xqo7ld{border-bottom:0.0625rem solid var(--ds-color-london-5);color:var(--ds-color-london-10);font-family:var(--ds-type-system-serif);margin-bottom:1.5rem;padding-bottom:0.875rem;}@media (min-width: 60rem){.css-1xqo7ld{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}}.css-1xqo7ld a{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}</style><div class="css-1xqo7ld e1p220na0"><style data-emotion="css 10saz0z">.css-10saz0z{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;border-bottom:0.0625rem solid var(--ds-color-london-85);display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;line-height:var(--ds-type-leading-lower);-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;padding:0.75rem 0;position:relative;width:100%;}@media (min-width: 60rem){.css-10saz0z{border-bottom:0;border-left:0.0625rem solid var(--ds-color-london-85);-webkit-flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;padding:0 0 0 1rem;margin-right:1rem;}.css-10saz0z:first-of-type{border-left:0;margin-right:0;padding-left:0;padding-right:1rem;}.css-10saz0z:last-of-type{margin-right:0;}}.css-10saz0z >div{width:calc(100% - 3.75rem);}.css-10saz0z .e1197rjj0{display:block;margin-right:1rem;width:3.5rem;}@media (min-width: 60rem){.css-10saz0z .e1197rjj0{margin-right:0.75rem;width:3rem;}}</style><div class="css-10saz0z e15nnq2z0"><style data-emotion="css j0a8mg">.css-j0a8mg img{display:block;}.css-j0a8mg .egmy3ck2{margin-top:0.25rem;}</style><figure class="css-j0a8mg e1197rjj0"><img data-test-id="discover-rail-ident" alt="" loading="lazy" width="1500" height="1500" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" sizes="56px" srcSet="https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=16,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240918_drp038.png 16w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=32,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240918_drp038.png 32w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=48,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240918_drp038.png 48w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=64,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240918_drp038.png 64w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=96,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240918_drp038.png 96w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=128,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240918_drp038.png 128w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=256,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240918_drp038.png 256w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=360,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240918_drp038.png 360w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=384,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240918_drp038.png 384w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=480,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240918_drp038.png 480w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=600,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240918_drp038.png 600w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=834,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240918_drp038.png 834w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=960,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240918_drp038.png 960w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1096,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240918_drp038.png 1096w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1280,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240918_drp038.png 1280w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1424,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240918_drp038.png 1424w" src="https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1424,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240918_drp038.png"/></figure><div><style data-emotion="css 12lyffs">.css-12lyffs{position:relative;width:100%;margin-top:0;overflow:hidden;display:block;}.eeawncf0 .css-12lyffs,.e1ns5z760 .css-12lyffs{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;}@media (min-width: 22.5rem){.eeawncf0 .css-12lyffs,.e1ns5z760 .css-12lyffs{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.eeawncf0 .css-12lyffs,.e1ns5z760 .css-12lyffs{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;}}@media (min-width: 60rem){.eeawncf0 .css-12lyffs,.e1ns5z760 .css-12lyffs{margin-top:-0.25rem;margin-bottom:0;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.eeawncf0 .css-12lyffs,.e1ns5z760 .css-12lyffs{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;}}.e1ft9m2r0 .css-12lyffs{margin-left:0.75rem;margin-top:0;}@media (max-width:29.9375rem){.e1ft9m2r0 .css-12lyffs{padding-top:0.375rem;}}</style><div class="css-12lyffs e1yt6puk0"><style data-emotion="css 1b161p1">.css-1b161p1{font-family:var(--ds-type-system-serif-lining);font-size:var(--ds-type-scale-0);font-weight:500;line-height:var(--ds-type-leading-lower);}.css-1b161p1 a{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:var(--ds-color-london-5);display:block;}.css-1b161p1 a:hover,.css-1b161p1 a:hover{color:var(--ds-color-chicago-30);-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}.css-1b161p1 a:focus,.css-1b161p1 a:focus{background-color:var(--ds-color-chicago-95);color:var(--ds-color-london-5);outline:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}.css-1b161p1 a:active,.css-1b161p1 a:active{color:var(--ds-color-chicago-30);}.css-1b161p1 a::before{bottom:0;content:'';display:block;left:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;right:0;text-indent:-999em;top:0;white-space:nowrap;z-index:1;}.css-1b161p1+.e7x1xmz0,.css-1b161p1+style+.e7x1xmz0{margin-top:0.25rem;}.e1p220na0 .css-1b161p1+.e7x1xmz0{margin-top:0;}</style><h3 class="css-1b161p1 e7j57mt0"><a href="/podcasts/2024/12/21/a-year-in-the-making" data-analytics="discover_rail:link_1">The Weekend Intelligence</a></h3><style data-emotion="css llqkfq">.css-llqkfq{color:var(--ds-color-london-5);font-family:var(--ds-type-system-serif);max-width:43.75rem;font-size:var(--ds-type-scale-0);line-height:var(--ds-type-leading-lower);}</style><p class="css-llqkfq e7x1xmz0">Revisiting our favourite episodes of 2024</p></div></div></div><div class="css-10saz0z e15nnq2z0"><figure class="css-j0a8mg e1197rjj0"><img data-test-id="discover-rail-ident" alt="" loading="lazy" width="1500" height="1500" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" sizes="56px" srcSet="https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=16,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240608_drp008.png 16w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=32,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240608_drp008.png 32w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=48,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240608_drp008.png 48w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=64,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240608_drp008.png 64w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=96,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240608_drp008.png 96w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=128,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240608_drp008.png 128w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=256,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240608_drp008.png 256w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=360,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240608_drp008.png 360w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=384,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240608_drp008.png 384w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=480,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240608_drp008.png 480w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=600,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240608_drp008.png 600w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=834,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240608_drp008.png 834w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=960,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240608_drp008.png 960w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1096,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240608_drp008.png 1096w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1280,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240608_drp008.png 1280w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1424,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240608_drp008.png 1424w" src="https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1424,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240608_drp008.png"/></figure><div><div class="css-12lyffs e1yt6puk0"><h3 class="css-1b161p1 e7j57mt0"><a href="/interactive/dateline-history-quiz-game" data-analytics="discover_rail:link_2">Dateline</a></h3><p class="css-llqkfq e7x1xmz0">The Economist’s history quiz: Christmas special</p></div></div></div><div class="css-10saz0z e15nnq2z0"><figure class="css-j0a8mg e1197rjj0"><img data-test-id="discover-rail-ident" alt="" loading="lazy" width="1500" height="1500" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" sizes="56px" srcSet="https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=16,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240701_drp022.png 16w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=32,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240701_drp022.png 32w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=48,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240701_drp022.png 48w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=64,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240701_drp022.png 64w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=96,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240701_drp022.png 96w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=128,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240701_drp022.png 128w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=256,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240701_drp022.png 256w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=360,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240701_drp022.png 360w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=384,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240701_drp022.png 384w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=480,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240701_drp022.png 480w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=600,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240701_drp022.png 600w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=834,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240701_drp022.png 834w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=960,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240701_drp022.png 960w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1096,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240701_drp022.png 1096w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1280,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240701_drp022.png 1280w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1424,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240701_drp022.png 1424w" src="https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1424,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20240701_drp022.png"/></figure><div><div class="css-12lyffs e1yt6puk0"><h3 class="css-1b161p1 e7j57mt0"><a href="/newsletters/cafe-europa" data-analytics="discover_rail:link_3">Café Europa</a></h3><p class="css-llqkfq e7x1xmz0">Your weekly guide to European politics, economics, business, finance and tech</p></div></div></div></div></div></div><style data-emotion="css gbdfxv">.css-gbdfxv{margin-bottom:3rem;}@media (min-width: 60rem){.css-gbdfxv{margin-bottom:3.5rem;}.css-gbdfxv .e136yl5o0{height:100%;}}.eo44k2v0+.css-gbdfxv .e1pkqesp0::before{content:'';background-color:var(--ds-color-london-5);display:block;position:relative;height:0.063rem;top:-1.5rem;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.eo44k2v0+.css-gbdfxv .e1pkqesp0::before{top:-1.75rem;}}</style><section id="new-relic-top-stories" class="css-gbdfxv eeawncf0"><div class="css-1bfdg3q e1pkqesp0"><style data-emotion="css 11ztmd3">.css-11ztmd3{display:grid;grid-auto-flow:row;grid-column-gap:var(--ds-grid-gutter);grid-row-gap:3rem;grid-auto-columns:1fr;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:89.5rem;overflow:hidden;position:relative;grid-row-gap:1.5rem;grid-template-areas:"first" "side" "second" "third";}@media (min-width: 60rem){.css-11ztmd3{grid-template-areas:"first first first first first first first first side side side side" "line line line line line line line line line line line line" "second second second second second third third third third third third third";}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.css-11ztmd3{grid-template-areas:"first first second side" "line line line line" "third third third third";}}</style><div class="css-11ztmd3 e188esf00"><style data-emotion="css kt1vqd">.css-kt1vqd{grid-area:first;position:relative;-webkit-align-self:auto;-ms-flex-item-align:auto;align-self:auto;}.css-kt1vqd::after{background-color:var(--ds-color-london-85);content:'';height:100%;position:absolute;right:-1rem;right:calc(-1 * var(--ds-grid-gap));top:0;width:1px;}.css-kt1vqd:last-child::after{height:0;}</style><div class="css-kt1vqd en4o1560"><style data-emotion="css 1gibpcc">.css-1gibpcc{position:relative;width:100%;margin-top:0;overflow:hidden;display:block;}.eeawncf0 .css-1gibpcc,.e1ns5z760 .css-1gibpcc{margin-top:-0.25rem;margin-bottom:1.5rem;}@media (min-width: 22.5rem){.eeawncf0 .css-1gibpcc,.e1ns5z760 .css-1gibpcc{margin-top:-0.25rem;margin-bottom:1.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.eeawncf0 .css-1gibpcc,.e1ns5z760 .css-1gibpcc{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 60rem){.eeawncf0 .css-1gibpcc,.e1ns5z760 .css-1gibpcc{margin-top:-0.25rem;margin-bottom:1.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.eeawncf0 .css-1gibpcc,.e1ns5z760 .css-1gibpcc{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1.5rem;}}.e1ft9m2r0 .css-1gibpcc{margin-left:0.75rem;margin-top:0;}@media (max-width:29.9375rem){.e1ft9m2r0 .css-1gibpcc{padding-top:0.375rem;}}</style><div class="css-1gibpcc e1yt6puk0"><style data-emotion="css 1w6u71t">.css-1w6u71t{position:relative;float:none;width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;}.css-1w6u71t img{display:block;}.css-1w6u71t svg{bottom:0;display:block;left:0;position:absolute;width:15%;}.css-1w6u71t+.exn4l0u0{margin-top:0.5rem;}.css-1w6u71t+style+.exn4l0u0{margin-top:0.5rem;}.css-1w6u71t+.e7j57mt0{margin-top:0.5rem;}.css-1w6u71t+style+.e7j57mt0{margin-top:0.5rem;}.css-1w6u71t+.e8l300f0{margin-top:0.5rem;}.css-1w6u71t+style+.e8l300f0{margin-top:0.5rem;}</style><div class="css-1w6u71t e1xwzcy70"><figure class="css-j0a8mg e1197rjj0"><img theme="[object Object]" alt="" fetchpriority="high" width="1280" height="720" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" sizes="(min-width: 1440px) 700px, (min-width: 1280px) 600px, (min-width: 960px) 66vw, 90vw" srcSet="https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=256,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 256w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=360,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 360w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=384,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 384w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=480,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 480w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=600,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 600w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=834,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 834w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=960,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 960w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1096,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 1096w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1280,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 1280w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1424,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg 1424w" src="https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1424,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241228_USP501.jpg"/></figure></div><div class="css-0 exn4l0u0"><style data-emotion="css 1cn46a4">.css-1cn46a4{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;color:var(--ds-color-economist-red);font-family:var(--ds-type-system-sans-lining);font-size:var(--ds-type-scale--1);line-height:var(--ds-type-leading-lower);}.css-1cn46a4 svg{margin-right:0.125rem;}.css-1cn46a4+*{margin-top:0.125rem;}</style><p class="css-1cn46a4 e8l300f0"> <!-- -->United States</p><style data-emotion="css 9t3nig">.css-9t3nig{font-family:var(--ds-type-system-serif-lining);font-size:var(--ds-type-scale-4);font-weight:normal;line-height:var(--ds-type-leading-upper);}.css-9t3nig a{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:var(--ds-color-london-5);display:block;}.css-9t3nig a:hover,.css-9t3nig a:hover{color:var(--ds-color-chicago-30);-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}.css-9t3nig a:focus,.css-9t3nig a:focus{background-color:var(--ds-color-chicago-95);color:var(--ds-color-london-5);outline:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}.css-9t3nig a:active,.css-9t3nig a:active{color:var(--ds-color-chicago-30);}.css-9t3nig a::before{bottom:0;content:'';display:block;left:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;right:0;text-indent:-999em;top:0;white-space:nowrap;z-index:1;}.css-9t3nig+.e7x1xmz0,.css-9t3nig+style+.e7x1xmz0{margin-top:0.5rem;}.e1p220na0 .css-9t3nig+.e7x1xmz0{margin-top:0;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.css-9t3nig{font-size:var(--ds-type-scale-5);}}@media (min-width: 60rem){.css-9t3nig{font-size:var(--ds-type-scale-6);}}</style><h3 class="css-9t3nig e7j57mt0"><a href="/united-states/2024/12/23/matt-gaetz-vs-the-ethics-committee" data-analytics="top_stories:headline_1">Matt Gaetz vs the ethics committee</a></h3><style data-emotion="css hv6hrz">.css-hv6hrz{color:var(--ds-color-london-5);font-family:var(--ds-type-system-serif);max-width:43.75rem;font-size:var(--ds-type-scale-1);line-height:var(--ds-type-leading-lower);}</style><p class="css-hv6hrz e7x1xmz0">The former Florida congressman is uniquely grotesque, but his persistence as a national figure is troubling</p></div></div></div><style data-emotion="css 5wqte6">.css-5wqte6{grid-area:second;position:relative;-webkit-align-self:auto;-ms-flex-item-align:auto;align-self:auto;}.css-5wqte6::after{background-color:var(--ds-color-london-85);content:'';height:100%;position:absolute;right:-1rem;right:calc(-1 * var(--ds-grid-gap));top:0;width:1px;}.css-5wqte6:last-child::after{height:0;}</style><div class="css-5wqte6 en4o1560"><style data-emotion="css 1rycjjd">.css-1rycjjd{position:relative;width:100%;margin-top:0;overflow:hidden;display:block;}.eeawncf0 .css-1rycjjd,.e1ns5z760 .css-1rycjjd{margin-top:-0.25rem;margin-bottom:0;}@media (min-width: 22.5rem){.eeawncf0 .css-1rycjjd,.e1ns5z760 .css-1rycjjd{margin-top:-0.25rem;margin-bottom:0;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.eeawncf0 .css-1rycjjd,.e1ns5z760 .css-1rycjjd{margin-top:-0.25rem;margin-bottom:0;}}@media (min-width: 60rem){.eeawncf0 .css-1rycjjd,.e1ns5z760 .css-1rycjjd{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.eeawncf0 .css-1rycjjd,.e1ns5z760 .css-1rycjjd{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;}}.e1ft9m2r0 .css-1rycjjd{margin-left:0.75rem;margin-top:0;}@media (max-width:29.9375rem){.e1ft9m2r0 .css-1rycjjd{padding-top:0.375rem;}}@media (min-width: 60rem){.css-1rycjjd{display:block;}}</style><div class="css-1rycjjd e1yt6puk0"><style data-emotion="css 1a9pi7n">.css-1a9pi7n{position:relative;float:none;width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;}.css-1a9pi7n img{display:block;}.css-1a9pi7n svg{bottom:0;display:block;left:0;position:absolute;width:15%;}.css-1a9pi7n+.exn4l0u0{margin-top:0.5rem;}.css-1a9pi7n+style+.exn4l0u0{margin-top:0.5rem;}.css-1a9pi7n+.e7j57mt0{margin-top:0.5rem;}.css-1a9pi7n+style+.e7j57mt0{margin-top:0.5rem;}.css-1a9pi7n+.e8l300f0{margin-top:0.5rem;}.css-1a9pi7n+style+.e8l300f0{margin-top:0.5rem;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.css-1a9pi7n{float:right;margin:0.25rem 0 0 1.5rem;width:50%;padding:0;}.css-1a9pi7n+.exn4l0u0{margin-top:0;}.css-1a9pi7n+.e7j57mt0{margin-top:0;}.css-1a9pi7n+.e8l300f0{margin-top:0;}}@media (min-width: 60rem){.css-1a9pi7n{float:none;width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;}.css-1a9pi7n+.exn4l0u0{margin-top:0.5rem;}.css-1a9pi7n+style+.exn4l0u0{margin-top:0.5rem;}.css-1a9pi7n+.e7j57mt0{margin-top:0.5rem;}.css-1a9pi7n+style+.e7j57mt0{margin-top:0.5rem;}.css-1a9pi7n+.e8l300f0{margin-top:0.5rem;}.css-1a9pi7n+style+.e8l300f0{margin-top:0.5rem;}}</style><div class="css-1a9pi7n e1xwzcy70"><figure class="css-j0a8mg e1197rjj0"><img theme="[object Object]" alt="" loading="lazy" width="1280" height="720" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" sizes="(min-width: 1440px) 335px, (min-width: 1280px) 22.5vw, (min-width: 960px) 30vw, (min-width: 600px) 47.5vw, 95vw" srcSet="https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=128,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241221_EUP510.jpg 128w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=256,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241221_EUP510.jpg 256w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=360,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241221_EUP510.jpg 360w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=384,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241221_EUP510.jpg 384w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=480,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241221_EUP510.jpg 480w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=600,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241221_EUP510.jpg 600w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=834,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241221_EUP510.jpg 834w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=960,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241221_EUP510.jpg 960w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1096,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241221_EUP510.jpg 1096w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1280,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241221_EUP510.jpg 1280w, https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1424,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241221_EUP510.jpg 1424w" src="https://www.economist.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=1424,quality=80,format=auto/media-assets/image/20241221_EUP510.jpg"/></figure></div><div class="css-0 exn4l0u0"><p class="css-1cn46a4 e8l300f0"> <!-- -->Europe</p><style data-emotion="css 107bvwz">.css-107bvwz{font-family:var(--ds-type-system-serif-lining);font-size:var(--ds-type-scale-3);font-weight:normal;line-height:var(--ds-type-leading-upper);}.css-107bvwz a{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:var(--ds-color-london-5);display:block;}.css-107bvwz a:hover,.css-107bvwz a:hover{color:var(--ds-color-chicago-30);-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}.css-107bvwz a:focus,.css-107bvwz a:focus{background-color:var(--ds-color-chicago-95);color:var(--ds-color-london-5);outline:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}.css-107bvwz a:active,.css-107bvwz a:active{color:var(--ds-color-chicago-30);}.css-107bvwz a::before{bottom:0;content:'';display:block;left:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;right:0;text-indent:-999em;top:0;white-space:nowrap;z-index:1;}.css-107bvwz+.e7x1xmz0,.css-107bvwz+style+.e7x1xmz0{margin-top:0.5rem;}.e1p220na0 .css-107bvwz+.e7x1xmz0{margin-top:0;}</style><h3 class="css-107bvwz e7j57mt0"><a href="/europe/2024/12/23/inside-ukraines-secret-missile-programme" data-analytics="top_stories:headline_2">Inside Ukraine’s secret missile programme</a></h3><p class="css-llqkfq e7x1xmz0">With foreign aid uncertain, Ukraine revives its rocket industry</p></div></div><style data-emotion="css 1cekwqg">.css-1cekwqg{border-width:0;border-top:1px solid var(--ds-color-london-85);margin:1.5rem 0;margin:1.5rem 0 1.25rem 0;width:100%;}</style><hr class="css-1cekwqg e188esf01"/><style data-emotion="css akfcbh">.css-akfcbh{position:relative;width:100%;margin-top:0;overflow:hidden;display:block;}.eeawncf0 .css-akfcbh,.e1ns5z760 .css-akfcbh{margin-top:-0.25rem;margin-bottom:0;}@media (min-width: 22.5rem){.eeawncf0 .css-akfcbh,.e1ns5z760 .css-akfcbh{margin-top:-0.25rem;margin-bottom:0;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.eeawncf0 .css-akfcbh,.e1ns5z760 .css-akfcbh{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 60rem){.eeawncf0 .css-akfcbh,.e1ns5z760 .css-akfcbh{margin-top:-0.25rem;margin-bottom:1.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.eeawncf0 .css-akfcbh,.e1ns5z760 .css-akfcbh{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1.5rem;}}.e1ft9m2r0 .css-akfcbh{margin-left:0.75rem;margin-top:0;}@media (max-width:29.9375rem){.e1ft9m2r0 .css-akfcbh{padding-top:0.375rem;}}@media (min-width: 60rem){.css-akfcbh{display:block;}}</style><div class="css-akfcbh e1yt6puk0"><div class="css-0 exn4l0u0"><p class="css-1cn46a4 e8l300f0"> <!-- -->By Invitation</p><h3 class="css-107bvwz e7j57mt0"><a href="/by-invitation/2024/12/23/a-new-iranian-approach-to-regional-security-and-prosperity-by-m-javad-zarif" data-analytics="top_stories:headline_3">A new Iranian approach to regional security and prosperity, by M. Javad Zarif</a></h3><p class="css-llqkfq e7x1xmz0">Iran’s vice-president on how his country can make the region more secure and prosperous</p></div></div><style data-emotion="css jzdb0t">.css-jzdb0t{border-width:0;border-top:1px solid var(--ds-color-london-85);margin:1.5rem 0;margin:1.5rem 0 0;width:100%;display:block;}@media (min-width: 60rem){.css-jzdb0t{display:none;}}</style><hr class="css-jzdb0t e188esf01"/></div><style data-emotion="css jezcio">.css-jezcio{border-width:0;border-top:1px solid var(--ds-color-london-85);grid-area:line;margin:0;width:100%;display:none;}@media (min-width: 60rem){.css-jezcio{display:block;}}</style><hr class="css-jezcio e188esf01"/><style data-emotion="css 6poim0">.css-6poim0{grid-area:side;position:relative;-webkit-align-self:auto;-ms-flex-item-align:auto;align-self:auto;}.css-6poim0:last-child::after{height:0;}</style><div class="css-6poim0 en4o1560"><style data-emotion="css npe7f6">.css-npe7f6{border-width:0;border-top:1px solid var(--ds-color-london-85);margin:1.5rem 0;margin:-1.5rem 0 1.5rem 0;width:100%;display:block;}@media (min-width: 60rem){.css-npe7f6{display:none;}}</style><hr class="css-npe7f6 e188esf01"/><style data-emotion="css 10fa995">.css-10fa995{background-color:var(--ds-color-los-angeles-95);box-sizing:border-box;padding:0 var(--ds-grid-gap) 1.5rem;font-family:var(--ds-type-system-sans);position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}.css-10fa995 .e14rcxam0 small{font-family:inherit;font-variant:small-caps no-common-ligatures no-discretionary-ligatures no-historical-ligatures no-contextual;line-height:var(--ds-type-leading-lower);text-transform:lowercase;}.css-10fa995 ._timestamp{color:var(--ds-color-london-35);font-size:var(--ds-type-scale--2);font-weight:300;}.css-10fa995 ._gobbet{margin-top:1.375rem;max-width:32rem;margin-left:0;}.css-10fa995 ._gobbet p{font-family:var(--ds-type-system-sans);font-weight:400;font-size:var(--ds-type-scale-0);line-height:var(--ds-type-leading-lower);color:var(--ds-color-london-20);}.css-10fa995 ._cta{margin-top:2rem;}.css-10fa995 ._cta .ds-emphasised-link::before{bottom:0;content:'';display:block;left:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;right:0;text-indent:-999em;top:0;white-space:nowrap;z-index:1;}</style><div class="css-10fa995 e136yl5o0"><div class="_content"><h2 class="ds-section-headline ds-section-headline--rule-accent">The world in brief</h2><style data-emotion="css 1tbx9xw">.css-1tbx9xw{color:var(--ds-color-london-5);font-family:var(--ds-type-system-serif);font-size:var(--ds-type-scale-1);line-height:var(--ds-type-leading-lower);}.css-1tbx9xw b,.css-1tbx9xw strong{font-weight:600;}.css-1tbx9xw em,.css-1tbx9xw i{font-style:italic;}.css-1tbx9xw small{color:var(--ds-color-london-5);display:inline;font-family:var(--ds-type-system-serif-smallcaps);font-size:inherit;font-variant-ligatures:none;text-transform:lowercase;}.css-1tbx9xw sub{font-size:smaller;position:relative;top:0.25rem;vertical-align:baseline;}.css-1tbx9xw sup{bottom:0.5rem;font-size:smaller;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline;}.css-1tbx9xw a{border-bottom:0.125rem solid var(--ds-color-chicago-45);color:var(--ds-color-london-5);-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;-webkit-transition:border-color var(--ds-interactions-transition),color var(--ds-interactions-transition);transition:border-color var(--ds-interactions-transition),color var(--ds-interactions-transition);}.css-1tbx9xw a:hover{border-color:var(--ds-color-chicago-30);color:var(--ds-color-chicago-30);}.css-1tbx9xw a:focus{border-bottom-color:transparent;box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem var(--ds-color-hong-kong-55);outline:solid transparent;}.css-1tbx9xw a:active{border-bottom-color:var(--ds-color-hong-kong-55);box-shadow:none;color:var(--ds-color-london-5);}</styleResolver
Resolver ASN
AS15169
Resolver IP
172.253.211.28
Resolver Network Name
Google LLC
Report ID
20241224T034255Z_webconnectivity_KH_38623_n1_blsYEMoJEUDyJGOr
Platform
windows
Software Name
ooniprobe-desktop-unattended (3.16.7)
Measurement Engine
ooniprobe-engine (3.16.7)